Update on Issues for Licensed Landscape Architects
NJASLA is making every attempt to smooth the transition from certificate to license for landscape architects, but in the long run, we are not in control of the State Board of Architects or the underlying bureaucracy that drives decisions of protocol and procedure. This said, the Chapter is taking every opportunity to impress upon state legislators and regulatory agencies of the important role that licensed landscape architects can have in land development decisions.
NJASLA is making every effort to enhance and elevate the profession by participating in every meeting of the Board of Architects when issues of landscape architecture are on the agenda. A strategic campaign to raise Board awareness of the profession’s impact is being pursued. Any suggestions to improve relations with the Board of Architects and closely allied professionals, in general, are welcome.
RLA for CLA to be LLA in NJ
Many of you have already received a notice about the change of the official designation from Certified Landscape Architect (CLA-Title only protection) to Licensed Landscape Architect (LLA-practice scope and responsibility authorization) and the need for a new certificate and seal. NJASLA appreciates the inquiries from members about this message from the NJ Division of Consumer Affairs. We were aware of the new designation, but not forewarned of this notice. We encourage input from the membership for prompt follow up and responsive action on any pertinent issues, when appropriate.
“Why not Registered Landscape Architect (RLA), as in other states?” seems to be the prevalent question asked of us.
The answer is simple and supported by the ASLA Licensing Committee. First and most important to the Board’s legal counsel, Licensed Landscape Architect is the adopted wording within the New Jersey upgrade legislation, replacing certified landscape architect. Secondly, registered landscape architect has less force in asserting the importance that licensing has for the profession in New Jersey. Licensed Landscape Architect is unwavering in its interpretation.
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Community Development Tips
Leo Vazquez at Rutgers University Professional Development Institute [leonardo@policy-rutgers.ccsend.com] at the Bloustien School; recently passed along these ideas from his past experiences.
• Get a sense of the community by using a site or free program that uses aerial photography, such as Google Maps or Bing Maps (Formerly Microsoft Live Maps).
• Do land use, building condition and related surveys early in the morning.
• For safety and efficiency, surveys should be done by at least two people together. Never do a windshield survey alone.
• If you are working in a dangerous area (such as one with drug or gang issues), wear clothes that make you stand out. You will be seen as less of a threat if you're trying to be visible. Dressing like a municipal employee, or wearing an identity card around your neck also can help you look more conspicuous.
• When passing auto-oriented uses, check the ground for oil and other toxic chemical spills. If the floor is dirty, there's a good chance the ground is too. In other words: Likely brownfield.
• When doing density surveys: doorbells-mailboxes-meters. These are your best field measures to determine how a building is subdivided.
Note: In locations with illegal apartments, a landlord may feed one meter into multiple units. Also look for what seem like overly-large parking areas, compared to similar structures in the area.
• Every so often, give your eyes a rest and listen and smell. What parts of the neighborhood are noisiest? What parts smell the cleanest?
• If you are watching how people interact with the built environment, look like you have a reason to be standing around watching. Buy a coffee or drink when you're sitting or standing outside. Then you look like you're waiting for someone.
• If you are asked what you are doing, avoid the word "redevelopment" (unless it is part of the formal name of your project.) When people hear "redevelopment," they tend to think "eminent domain" and it can get a bit ugly after that.
• Trust your feelings. If you feel uncomfortable, get out of the area as quickly as possible.
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The Anti-"Doom and Gloom": Three Firms Bucking the Trend
from The Friedman File newsletter of Friedman & Partners A/E/C marketing and management consultants
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You wouldn't be human if you haven't, at least once, wanted to curl up in a ball and hibernate until the economy is on a clear path towards recovery. Depressing news headlines coming at you through multiple media don't help, nor does the fact that the unemployment rate is nearing 10%.
It's hard to find an A/E/C industry firm that hasn't been impacted in some way — even if it's just keeping a cautious eye on spending. Yet the "doom and gloom" theme does not need to be a self- fulfilling prophecy for your firm.
Some firms (hopefully yours?) are holding their own, and a few are even growing, in this challenging environment. What makes these firms so special? Is it luck, being at the right place at the right time, purposeful strategies, or a combination of all four? This Friedman File explores three firms that, knock on wood, are doing just fine:
- Taylor, a 65-person healthcare design firm based in Newport, CA
- ABMB Engineers, a 100-person transportation-oriented engineering firm based in Baton Rouge, LA, with three offices in Mississippi
- SpawGlass Construction, a 550- person GC, CM-at-risk, design-build firm based in San Antonio, TX, with offices in Houston, Austin, and South Texas
Public and Institutional Markets Remain Comparatively Strong
One trait that all three firms share is that a significant portion of their revenue is derived from public and/or institutional work: Taylor's client base is nearly 100% healthcare; ABMB's is 80% public (including state, municipalities and counties, and federal such as the Corps); and SpawGlass is 60% public (e.g., municipalities, the military) and institutional.
Mike McGaugh, Managing Principal of ABMB, says, "We really haven't seen much impact. Our clients scrutinize our fees a bit more, and Louisiana DOTD has sought to restructure its contracts away from fixed fees to hourly and cost-plus fixed fee."
SpawGlass has benefited from a strong Texas higher education market, which is funded through endowments and robust state legislature appropriations (they just earmarked $4.5 billion for higher education facility construction). Texas has made a significant commitment to continue to expand the UT system beyond Austin, as well as Texas A&M beyond College Station to target traditionally underserved areas.
This is not to say that these three firms have been completely unscathed. While none has had to scale back employee benefits, Taylor and ABMB have experienced minor layoffs. In the case of Taylor, those laid off were in the process of being trained to do healthcare design. But with the healthcare design candidate pool opening up, Taylor was able to hire folks with extensive healthcare experience. The firm has also halved its travel budget — focusing especially on conference attendance. ABMB was forced to lay off a few surveyors, which was linked to the private sector downturn in Louisiana. Mike McGaugh, Managing Principal, added, "although our backlog is growing, there has been a shift towards more engineering-intensive services (e.g., structural bridge work, rehabilitation, studies) that don't require surveying."
Even SpawGlass, whose construction volume has nearly doubled from $250 million in 2003 to a projected $460 million at the close of this year, has recently needed to share staff among offices to shore up locales that have been impacted by fierce competition. "We're seeing competition from all over the country that has typically made a living off of development and retail work trying to penetrate government and university work," says Fred Raley President and CEO of SpawGlass.
Strategic and Marketing/Business Development Planning are Essential
While no one could have foreseen the events of the past year, few would argue that firms that created and stuck to a plan (and not a pie-in-the-sky plan!) have fared comparatively better. All three firms profiled in this article have been operating from a strategic plan.
"Our first serious strategic planning effort was in 2002," says McGaugh. "Our goal was to become the pre- eminent transportation firm in Louisiana and Mississippi, and that focus has paid significant dividends. We've positioned ourselves as a regional transportation planning expert." At its 2005 planning session, ABMB made another critical strategic move — to hire a full-time business manager who has focused on improving the firm's systems, including backlog and cash flow forecasting.
SpawGlass has been operating from a strategic plan since 2003. The firm also created a separate business development plan rooted in chasing blue chip clients and staffing each office with a BD leader (not necessarily a salesperson). Raley emphasizes that the firm has actually implemented its plans rather than going through the motions. The company learned from the late '80s downturn the importance of seeking out "recession-resilient" clients. "When you're in San Antonio and there's a downturn, everything comes to a halt except for the military," says Raley. "Since the mid-'80s, we've had military projects of some form with the Corps of Engineers."
A Common Theme: Now is the Time to Invest in Marketing and BD
All three firms underscore the importance of investing in high-ROI marketing and business development (BD) strategies, even at a time when resources are constrained. "We really think ramping up business development is a smart thing to do, whereas some firms cut marketing and BD in hard times," adds ABMB's McGaugh. "Firms should constantly look for service areas to grow that are related to what they do." He acknowledges that the recession will likely cause a "shaking out" in our industry.
Rick Savely, Chief Development Officer for Taylor, notes that his firm increased its marketing budget, embarked on a rebranding project, enhanced the firm's web and intranet sites, increased its number of direct mailers, and created its own blog. "Now is the time to make sure that people know we're here," he added.
Commit to Continued Employee Growth
All three firms underscored the importance of keeping their employees engaged and challenged, including opportunities for professional growth and in some cases, ownership. "We've brought in new shareholders, which has energized our company," adds McGaugh. "We've had very low turnover, and our image in the local marketplace is good — the last thing clients want to see is significant staff turnover." SpawGlass, where nearly two-thirds of the staff are shareholders, has aggressively promoted stock ownership. Raley adds, "We don't hire for the job; we hire for the career, creating a more stable work force."
I'd like to hear your firm's success
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Sussex's Armstrong Bog to receive $500K in Federal Preservation Funds
On April 20th, Interior Secretary Salazar announced nearly $58 million in grants to support conservation planning and acquisition of threatened and endangered species habitat in 27 states. Through these FY 2009 Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund grants, $50.1 million was awarded through the HCP Land Acquisition and Recovery Land Acquisition (RLA) grant programs specifically for land acquisition projects that benefit endangered species habitat. Over $7.5 million in planning assistance was also awarded to 14 states to develop Habitat Conservation Plans.
Authorized by Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act, the competitive grants enable States to work with private landowners, conservation groups, and other agencies to initiate conservation planning efforts and acquire and protect habitat to support the conservation of threatened and endangered species (See announcement for 2010 applications information and deadline in this newsletter).
The Trust for Public Lands is a partner in the New Jersey project, as well as three others, nationwide.
Entitled Bog Turtle Recovery/Armstrong Bog (Sussex County, NJ) $500,000. The State of New Jersey proposes to acquire a 324 acre property known as Armstrong Bog to protect habitat for the federally-threatened, state-endangered Bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii), state-threatened Wood turtle (Clemmys insculpta) and rare plant species Fraser’s St. John’s-wort (Triadenum fraseri). Armstrong Bog is one of the premier individual sites in northern New Jersey characterized as a calcareous fen wetland and is known to support a strong population of Bog turtles of multiple age classes.
A rare chunk of Sussex County known as Armstrong Bog, where the wildlife includes the threatened bog turtle, is the subject of a $500,000 federal preservation grant announced today.
The grant issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is part of $57.8 million being distributed in 27 states to support land acquisition and conservation planning for endangered species, Department of Interior Secretary Ken Salazar announced today.
Mel Evans/APU.S. Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar in Atlantic City in April. Today, Salazar announced $57.8 million being distributed to states to acquire and conserve land, with $500,000 going to Sussex County's Armstrong Bog.
Armstrong Bog, in Frankford Township next to the Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge, is a 324-acre calcareous fen -- a rare type of groundwater-fed wetland filled with tussocks, grass and sedge-type vegetation.
Found there along with the bog turtle, which is on New Jersey's endangered species list, is the state-protected wood turtle and a rare plant known as Fraser's Saint-John's-wort.
Many groups, including Frankford Township, the New Jersey Trust for Public Land and the Friends of the Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge, have been trying to preserve Armstrong Bog for years. The $500,000 is only part of the amount they say is needed to buy the privately owned parcel, which could cost more than $2 million to preserve.
The New Jersey Natural Lands Trust, with the help of the Trust for Public Land, had submitted a grant application for the funding through the federal Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund.
"It's great news," Anthony Cucchi, director of the public-land trust, said of the announcement. "But this is a very complicated project, and it's likely the entire parcel will have to be preserved through phases. Thankfully we have a landowner willing to work with us."
Although portions of the parcel are still farmed, preservationists contend it all should be protected.
"Armstrong Bog is a prime piece of rare habitat we've been working to preserve because it's important to species like the bog turtle," said Marie Springer of the Friends of the Wallkill group.
Other efforts are under way to add large tracts in the same region to the federal Wallkill Refuge, and while the state is leading the Armstrong Bog preservation effort, partnerships between state and federal agencies, as well as with private groups, are common in protection campaigns.
"The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will be pleased and happy to work with the state and other involved partners once the land is acquired to work together to manage the land," said Edward Henry, refuge manager. "These kinds of grants generally preclude federal ownership of the land, so our role will develop through a partnership of some kind.
"Partnerships are the key to success at Wallkill River National Wildlife Refuge, and Armstrong Bog is a prime example of this."

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- Full Article Click Here -
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Upcoming Gallery Talks at The Museum of Modern Art (MOMA)
11 West 53 Street New York, NY 10019 (212) 708-9400 info@moma.org
With Jennifer Gray Saturday, July 11, 2009, 11:30 a.m.
In Situ: Architecture and Landscape
Standing Exhibit : April 8, 2009–January 18, 2010
In recent decades "landscape" has taken on an expanded definition in architecture. In the first half of the twentieth century, the architectural avant-garde celebrated autonomy from nature, and architects devised utopian schemes for creating urban realms ex novo, with little consideration for their surroundings. More recently, however, the challenges of a threatened environment and rapidly expanding cities have fostered a revised understanding of landscape. Harmony between the spatial, social, and environmental aspects of human life has become a priority in political thought, and this has had profound reverberations in both architecture and landscape design. "Landscape"—no longer understood merely as nature untouched—now encompasses complex interventions by architects and landscape architects in urban and rural surroundings. In Situ: Architecture and Landscape draws from the rich collection of The Museum of Modern Art to examine the diverse attitudes toward landscape over the last hundred years.
Organized by Andres Lepik, Curator, and Margot Weller, Curatorial Assistant, Department of Architecture and Design.
The exhibition is made possible by Lissoni Associati Milano.

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FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE SEEKS PROPOSALS FROM STATES FOR 2010 ENDANGERED SPECIES GRANTS
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Contacts: Valerie Fellows (703) 358-2285
Information also can be accessed at http://www.fws.gov/endangered/grants/.
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is seeking proposals from states and U.S. territories interested in obtaining federal grant assistance to acquire land or conduct planning for endangered species conservation efforts. For fiscal year 2010, the President’s budget request for the Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund includes approximately $100 million in grant funding for conservation planning activities and habitat acquisition benefitting federally protected species. Proposals must be submitted to the appropriate Service Regional Offices by August 19, 2009.
“These grants are among the Service’s most important tools to build partnerships with the States,” said Acting Service Director Rowan Gould. “They provide states and territories with vital funding, enabling them to work with local communities and private landowners to protect habitat and conserve threatened and endangered species.”
The Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund is authorized under Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act and provides grants to states and territories to support participation in a wide array of voluntary conservation projects for species on the federal list of threatened and endangered species, as well as for species that are either candidates or have been proposed for listing.
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DOT Secretary Ray LaHood, HUD Secretary Shaun Donovan and
EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson Announce
Interagency Partnership for Sustainable Communities
Partnership sets forth six ‘livability principles’ to coordinate policy
Contact:
DOT: Olivia Alair
202-527-2601 / Olivia.Alair@dot.gov
HUD: Melanie Roussell
202-402-6605 / Melanie.N.Roussell@hud.gov
EPA: Brendan Gilfillan
202-564-2081 / Gilfillan.Brendan@epa.gov
Washington, DC Tuesday, June 16, 2009 – U.S. Secretary of Transportation Ray LaHood, U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Shaun Donovan, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Lisa P. Jackson today announced an interagency Partnership for Sustainable Communities to help improve access to affordable housing, more transportation options, and lower transportation costs while protecting the environment in communities nationwide.
Testifying together at a Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee hearing chaired by U.S. Senator Christopher J. Dodd, Secretary LaHood, Secretary Donovan and Administrator Jackson outlined the six guiding ‘livability principles’ they will use to coordinate federal transportation, environmental protection, and housing investments at their respective agencies.
Earlier this year, HUD and DOT announced an unprecedented agreement to implement joint housing and transportation initiatives. With EPA joining the partnership, the three agencies will work together to ensure that these housing and transportation goals are met while simultaneously protecting the environment, promoting equitable development, and helping to address the challenges of climate change.
DOT Secretary LaHood said,“Creating livable communities will result in improved quality of life for all Americans and create a more efficient and more accessible transportation network that serves the needs of individual communities. Fostering the concept of livability in transportation projects and programs will help America’s neighborhoods become safer, healthier and more vibrant.”
"As a result of our agencies’ work, I am pleased to join with my DOT and EPA colleagues to announce this statement of livability principles" said HUD Secretary Shaun Donovan. "These principles mean that we will all be working off the same playbook to formulate and implement policies and programs. For the first time, the Federal government will speak with one voice on housing, environmental and transportation policy."
“It’s important that the separate agencies working to improve livability in our neighborhoods are all pointed in the same direction. We’re leading the way towards communities that are cleaner, healthier, more affordable, and great destinations for businesses and jobs,” said EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson. “This partnership provides a framework to guide decisions that affect all communities. This way, investments of financial and human resources by any one of our agencies will meet shared goals and confront significant challenges we all face together.”
The Partnership for Sustainable Communities established six livability principles that will act as a foundation for interagency coordination:
1. Provide more transportation choices. Develop safe, reliable and economical transportation choices to decrease household transportation costs, reduce our nation’s dependence on foreign oil, improve air quality, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote public health.
2. Promote equitable, affordable housing. Expand location- and energy-efficient housing choices for people of all ages, incomes, races and ethnicities to increase mobility and lower the combined cost of housing and transportation.
3. Enhance economic competitiveness. Improve economic competitiveness through reliable and timely access to employment centers, educational opportunities, services and other basic needs by workers as well as expanded business access to markets.
4. Support existing communities. Target federal funding toward existing communities – through such strategies as transit-oriented, mixed-use development and land recycling – to increase community revitalization, improve the efficiency of public works investments, and safeguard rural landscapes.
5. Coordinate policies and leverage investment. Align federal policies and funding to remove barriers to collaboration, leverage funding and increase the accountability and effectiveness of all levels of government to plan for future growth, including making smart energy choices such as locally generated renewable energy.
6. Value communities and neighborhoods. Enhance the unique characteristics of all communities by investing in healthy, safe and walkable neighborhoods – rural, urban or suburban.
The HUD/DOT/EPA partnership will:
- Enhance integrated planning and investment. The partnership will seek to integrate housing, transportation, water infrastructure, and land use planning and investment. HUD, EPA and DOT propose to make planning grants available to metropolitan areas, and create mechanisms to ensure those plans are carried through to localities.
- Provide a vision for sustainable growth. This effort will help communities set a vision for sustainable growth and apply federal transportation, water infrastructure, housing and other investments in an integrated approach that reduces the nation’s dependence on foreign oil, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, protects America’s air and water and improves quality of life. Coordinating planning efforts in housing, transportation, air quality and water -- including planning cycles, processes and geographic coverage -- will make more effective use of federal housing and transportation dollars.
- Redefine housing affordability and make it transparent. The partnership will develop federal housing affordability measures that include housing and transportation costs and other expenses that are affected by location choices. Although transportation costs now approach or exceed housing costs for many working families, federal definitions of housing affordability do not recognize the strain of soaring transportation costs on homeowners and renters who live in areas isolated from work opportunities and transportation choices. The partnership will redefine affordability to reflect those costs, improve the consideration of the cost of utilities and provide consumers with enhanced information to help them make housing decisions.
- Redevelop underutilized sites. The partnership will work to achieve critical environmental justice goals and other environmental goals by targeting development to locations that already have infrastructure and offer transportation choices. Environmental justice is a particular concern in areas where disinvestment and past industrial use caused pollution and a legacy of contaminated or abandoned sites. This partnership will help return such sites to productive use.
- Develop livability measures and tools. The partnership will research, evaluate and recommend measures that indicate the livability of communities, neighborhoods and metropolitan areas. These measures could be adopted in subsequent integrated planning efforts to benchmark existing conditions, measure progress toward achieving community visions and increase accountability. HUD, DOT and EPA will help communities attain livability goals by developing and providing analytical tools to evaluate progress as well as state and local technical assistance programs to remove barriers to coordinated housing, transportation and environmental protection investments. The partnership will develop incentives to encourage communities to implement, use and publicize the measures.
- Align HUD, DOT and EPA programs. HUD, DOT and EPA will work to assure that their programs maximize the benefits of their combined investments in our communities for livability, affordability, environmental excellence, and the promotion of green jobs of the future. HUD and DOT will work together to identify opportunities to better coordinate their programs and encourage location efficiency in housing and transportation choices. HUD, DOT and EPA will also share information and review processes to facilitate better-informed decisions and coordinate investments.
- Undertake joint research, data collection and outreach. HUD, DOT and EPA will engage in joint research, data collection, and outreach efforts with stakeholders, to develop information platforms and analytic tools to track housing and transportation options and expenditures, establish standardized and efficient performance measures, and identify best practices.
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When nature gets a second chance
Degraded landscapes can be returned to natural beauty and usefulness.
By Elisabeth Ginsburg Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor/ June 17, 2009
Professor Handel, Director of CURE, received honors for “Restoration ecology processes to advance natural landscape design”in Research and for “Brooklyn Bridge” in Planning and Analysis as ecologist for Michael Van Valkenburgh Associates in the 2009 ASLA Professional Awards Program and will be a featured speaker at
Opportunity, Diversity, Evolution - the NJASLA 2010 Annual Meeting, Jan. 24, 25, 26. NJASLA Today Editor
Rutgers University professor, Steven Handel, and his team of graduate students helped turn a former landfill in Kearny, N.J., into viable ecosystems and parks by planting trees and flowers where trash once stood. The Kearny experiment has led him and his team to restore sites ranging from a former Air Force base in southern California to an area in Paterson, N.J.
Courtesy Steven Handel
Nearly two decades ago, Steven Handel was asked to help breathe new life into a former landfill in Kearny, N.J. The barren tract – bounded by highways, salt marshes, and railroad yards – had been closed and covered for 20 years. But it was an ecological desert, supporting no birds or mammals and home to only two plant species, both of which were alien to northern New Jersey.
After studying the site, its history, and the native flora and fauna of the area, the Rutgers University professor and his team of graduate students began installing groups of native trees in hopes of creating a dynamic, healthy ecosystem on top of the old landfill. The addition of soil and smaller plants came later. As time passed, researchers studied the changes at the site. Among their observations: Fruiting trees and shrubs attracted birds, which then dispersed seeds over the area. The original plantings matured, and the number of species on the site increased. It had once again become a viable ecosystem.
The Kearny experiment led to an even larger project at the former Fresh Kills landfill in Staten Island, N.Y. It also launched Dr. Handel on a succession of far-flung restoration projects, which, in turn, advanced the young discipline of urban restoration ecology.
Now, it’s a discipline whose time has come, Handel says. As the world becomes more urbanized, people have become increasingly estranged from nature.
A majority of Earth’s population now live in metropolitan areas, many of which contain ecologically depleted tracts that can’t support the plants, wildlife, and insects that provide what Handel calls “environmental services” – cleaning air and water, pollinating crops, cooling overheated cities, preventing erosion, and improving the quality of human life.
A renewed public awareness of environmental issues has caused many urban planners, scientists, and even city dwellers themselves to recognize the high cost of neglecting land stewardship.
This awareness has also provided Handel and his team with opportunities to restore sites ranging from a former Air Force base in southern California to the area surrounding picturesque Great Falls in Paterson, N.J. Handel is “one of the real pioneers of exploring the urban environment,” says Edward Toth, director of the New York City Parks and Recreation Department’s Greenbelt Native Plant Center. He adds that the urban ecologist is known for having “brought rigor and intuitive questioning” to his urban environmental work.
It’s only fitting, Handel believes, that the northeastern United States, the first American region to become urbanized, has become home to the Center for Urban Restoration Ecology (CURE), a joint venture between Rutgers and the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in New York. Handel, a professor of ecology, evolution, and natural resources at Rutgers, is also director of CURE. The nine-year-old organization describes itself as “the first scientific initiative in the US established specifically to advance the study and practice of ecological restoration on human-dominated lands.”
Although former landfills, such as those at Kearny and Fresh Kills, are dramatic examples of environmental degradation that have been transformed into new habitats, Handel says that the quest to improve the quality of human life through biodiversity should not be restricted to such manifestly “ugly places.”
Asphalt, he points out, is not the only surface that creates a boundary between people and the environment. “Mowed lawns surround most factories, schools, churches, and other buildings,” he says, “and they give nothing back to people or the environment.”
Even on a small scale, meadows and open wooded areas do much more than lawns to improve the quality of human life, he says. They are also cheaper to maintain, a concept that has special appeal in hard economic times.
Every ecological restoration project, Handel says, begins with the question, “What parts of nature can be restored?” The answer often depends on how the land has been used.
Sometimes sites slated for ecological restoration can be returned to a habitat that resembles what was there originally. But that isn’t always possible.
The Fresh Kills landfill, for example, was originally a wetland. Because it had been filled in with millions of tons of garbage over the years, it couldn’t be returned to wetland status. The 4.6-square-mile tract could, however, be planted with species native to the surrounding area, creating habitats for various animals, birds, and insects, and creating a viable ecosystem. In time it will become a public park.
Fresh Kills is just one of many restoration sites that have become parks. The professor believes that intelligently designed parks – encompassing meadows, woodlands, and other natural areas – are essential for reuniting people with nature, restoring those important environmental “services,” and reducing the stresses of urban living. Other projects have provided Handel and his colleagues with opportunities to re-create the ecosystems that existed before human habitation. One of these was a 90-acre site near Long Island’s Great South Bay. The property, formerly home to commercial duck farms, was acquired by the county and designated as parkland. The restoration process included transforming a former duck pond into a freshwater habitat and a cornfield into a wildflower meadow.
The park now provides wildlife habitats, resting places for migratory birds, and an oasis for Long Island residents. The project, says Handel, “gave us a chance to add back the natural heritage.”
Restoration ecology is spreading around the world. Handel worked with urban and landscape architect/planners Sasaki Associates of Watertown, Mass., to restore a site on the north side of Beijing in time for the 2008 Olympic Games. They consulted with Chinese plant experts and ecologists to create a wooded park to be used by residents after the Olympics.
The work of the ecologists isn’t over when a piece of land has become a new habitat, though.
Because restored public lands are often maintained by employees of cash-strapped government agencies, postrestoration maintenance plans must be fairly simple and inexpensive.
And regular monitoring of the greatest enemy of restoration ecology – invasive nonnative plants – is essential. That problem, says Handel, “is getting worse and worse every year.”
Invasive plants can be controlled partly by natural means, including the use of trees such as white pines to create a shady buffer zone that’s inhospitable to the invasives. Workers in parks and other naturalized spaces also have to be vigilant, identifying small clumps of nonnatives and destroying them promptly.
Other enemies of restored lands have two legs. The same people who benefit most from projects can also jeopardize them. Attractive parks are popular with local people, who may visit in large numbers. This overuse can jeopardize the ecosystems created when the parks were designed, especially if the designers didn’t give enough thought to the effective siting of paths or trails, parking lots, etc. (Thousands of pairs of walking feet compact the soil, destroy smaller plants, and more.)
If a park is insufficiently supervised, overuse and misuse can eventually make it uninviting to the population it was intended to serve.
It’s important to have appropriately placed and sized paths as well as proper signage, Handel says. Vulnerable native plants can also
be protected by dense, prickly shrub borders and even the occasional fence.
In Handel’s view, restoration ecology begins and ends with education. Since its founding nine years ago, CURE has graduated 12 PhDs and educated at least a hundred undergraduates.
The professor lectures widely and also conducts one-day programs for the US Environmental Protection Agency and for public officials.
Ultimately, Handel hopes that his efforts will help cement the bond between people and the natural world and establish lasting environmental awareness. His goal is for stewardship of the land to be a part of citizenship.
Comments
1. Molly Schaffner | 06.17.09
Dr. Handel will be giving a talk next week on his research at Fresh Kills Landfill:
“Urban Ecology at Fresh Kills”
Thursday, June 25, 2009, 7:30-9pm @ The Staten Island Museum
75 Stuyvesant Place, a short walk from the St. George Ferry Terminal
For more information visit the Freshkills Park Blog: http://www.freshkillspark.wordpress.com
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Climate Change Issues in New Jersey, at the 2010 Annual Meeting “Opportunity,
Diversity, Evolution” Jan. 24th thru 26th
This year, a special presentation will present the results of the NJASLA sponsorship of student research in climate change prepared in the Rutgers University 2009 Advanced Environmental Geomatics and Intermediate Landscape Architecture classes. Professors Richard Lathrop and David Tulloch will be discussing the results of this work, particularly focused on Cape May County. Dave is now “prepping his students in his blog “Spaces and Places” (http://epd372.blogspot.com/2009/07/fall-studio-sea-level-rise.html). I’ve excerpted that article, below, for your information and I encourage you to visit the Spaces and Places blogsite to follow the program as it develops and to enrich your own practice with the cutting edge info Dave regularly provides. NJASLA TODAY Editor
When you think of Cape May, you probably think of old Victorians and great beaches, not a community at risk. This fall in studio, we will be changing our perspective a bit.
While I am still unprepared to reveal all of the final details, I wanted to share the basic outline of our fall studio project for Intermediate Landscape Architecture I (11:550:331). The entire semester will be spent exploring design interventions and implications of sea level rise and global warming in Cape May County, New Jersey with funding assistance form the New Jersey Chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects.
The project will be building on the results of the Spring 2009 Advanced Environmental Geomatics class. CRSSA has already created some great research on the Vulnerability of New Jersey's Coastal Habitats to Sea Level Rise that will give you a sense for both the seriousness of the threat and the diversity of issues wrapped up in this seemingly simple problem. SEBS researchers and Rutgers alums are all looking into the problem.
Cape May County has become the high profile location of an ecological decline that is represented in the falling populations of the interconnected populations of red knots and horseshoe crabs. This got some national attention when PBS aired an entire episode looking at the problem, but has been the focus of research here at Rutgers and at the NJ DEP for some time. It is also a great spot for ecotourism, which would presumably decline quickly as the natural landscapes are degraded.
One of the clear challenges would be to start building an infrastructure now that will better support the future residents of Cape May County. What would high performance infrastructure guidelines tell us about where we should be looking? We aren't the first people to explore these topics, so we need to learn from past studies if we are going to accomplish something new.
The certain threat and the uncertain details make sea level rise, and the larger patterns of climate change, an interesting problem for designers. In the San Francisco Bay Area, concerns about sea level rise (as shown in their local paper) led to the Rising Tides Competition this summer. Hopefully we'll get to see some results this fall before we are too far along in our project. I strongly encourage our students to look back at the IFLA 2008 Student Competition, which gives some great ideas about both the imaginative and serious aspects of this as a design issue.
You should also take a little time to peruse both popular portrayals and serious discussions of climate change and sea level rise. Keep an eye on regular news accounts about the science. How are going to communicate the complexity of the issue? How are we, as a class and a team, going to resolve uncertainties? Do we need to educate the public or are they fairly aware? We'll be sifting through countless agency reports, like the recent EPA report on Adaptation Planning for the National Estuary Program, and trying to organize the things we learn from them. We are also going to start paying attention to more and more mundane things like maps of sidewalks. Keep your eyes (and browser) open for these and keep careful records of what you see.
If you can get out and explore, it would be great. But if you can only get to Trenton, that would work too. The New Jersey State Museum in Trenton also has an exhibit called Rising Tide: Climate Change & Sea Level Rise in New Jersey. But take some time to get to know Cape May County. Think about the landmarks and people. What is it known for? What is it like for tourists? But what is it like for year-round residents?
Finally, Places and Spaces will now be an active focused source with at least 3 tags for this project: cape may, JrStudio, sea level rise. Use them to keep up.
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When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Turn to Professional Associations
Kim Douglas
When the economy is in a slump, most of us look for ways to reduce spending, ruthlessly slashing every expenditure that doesn’t deliver direct bottom-line benefit. But sometimes well-intended cost-cutting can fall victim to the law of unintended consequences.
Take professional organization membership, for example. You might think your annual dues, event fees and other association costs are fat that can be trimmed until the economy picks up. In fact, your association membership should be one of the last items cut from a tight budget because its value actually increases during tough times. Here’s why:
Association membership lends credibility
In challenging times, potential customers and clients will seek extra assurance that they are dealing with a competent and careful practitioner before committing to a project. Your membership signals to them your high professional standards and standing within a group of your peers.
Association membership gives visibility
Becoming an active member, attending events, serving on committees and task forces, and participating in special projects give you visibility not only within your profession but within the community as well. As you gain stature within the organization, you are more likely to be viewed as an expert in your field, with potential opportunity to shape policy as well as secure new business. Gail Barry, president and principal in Land Mark Design, Inc., noted that “reinforcing the importance of one’s profession is particularly important when work is slow. Being involved with my professional group, the Colorado Chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects (CCASLA), means my voice can be heard and I can influence what is happening in a way that might help us all.”
Association membership opens doors
Networking is one of the most valuable benefits your professional association can provide. At meetings and events you can gain insights and learn about trends from talking with fellow members and become known to leaders in your profession. Effective networking can definitely increase marketability, Barry said. “My involvement with CCASLA and other organizations has provided me connections not only to people within my own profession but also to those in allied professions and the public. One never knows when the most casual contacts might result in a job possibility.”
Association membership builds careers
If your career is just getting off the ground, make joining a professional association a top priority. Many professional groups even have college chapters for undergraduates who want to get a jump start on their new careers. Association membership puts young professionals in front of many potential employers, and volunteering for activities within the group will develop and showcase your leadership abilities. Be sure to participate on national committees and work groups to expand your visibility beyond the local scene and gain exposure to different kinds of projects than may be available locally. And don’t forget to add your association membership and responsibilities to your résumé — employers value initiative and know your achievements in the group will reflect favorably on their business.
Association membership develops skills
Almost every professional and trade organization offers continuing education programs that will develop their members’ skills and enhance their marketability. Such programs can improve your technical know-how, help you become a better negotiator, learn leadership skills, develop marketing savvy and much more. If you have special expertise in one facet of your profession, you can also teach a course and become a recognized expert in that area. In short, a business downturn can be an excellent time to invest in your future.
Association membership cements relationships
Joining and participating in your professional organization puts you shoulder to shoulder with your profession’s leaders, both locally and nationally. “Serving on the[CCASLA] executive committee has given me the opportunity to guide and mold the future of our profession and to grow professionally through regular interaction with the leaders of our profession,” commented Dennis Brookie, a senior associate at Wenk Associates, Inc. “This in turn promotes my own and my firm’s marketability throughout our sphere of influence and among industry partners.”
Association membership provides exposure to new ideas and practices
Whether it’s casual conversation at a professional get-together or a formal presentation at a national meeting, your professional association is a virtual petri dish for innovative thinking. Your fellow members can be a rich source of ideas, information and even inspiration.
To sum up, if you want to rise to the top of your profession, you need your professional organization. Through that membership, you’ll become better at your work and better at your business. And because of the benefits your active participation provides, you may very well make more money — even in these tough times.
About Kim Douglas, ASLA Kim Douglas, ASLA, is president of the Colorado Chapter of the American Society of Landscape Architects (CCASLA) and a senior associate with studioINSITE, a landscape architecture and planning firm in Denver, Colorado. Her work over the last 10 years has focused on urban design, campus planning and design, medical campus design, and parks and trail planning projects throughout Colorado and the Midwest. Kim is a graduate of Iowa State University.
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